Babur, born Zahir-ud-Din Muhammad in 1483, was the founder of the Mughal Empire in India. A descendant of Timur and Genghis Khan, he inherited the throne of Fergana at a young age. After facing numerous setbacks, including losing his kingdom and failing to capture Samarkand, he conquered Kabul in 1504. He then turned his attention to India, decisively defeating Ibrahim Lodi at the First Battle of Panipat in 1526, establishing the Mughal Empire. Born in Andijan (present-day Uzbekistan), Babur became the ruler of Fergana at the age of 11. He faced constant challenges, including losing his kingdom and failing to reclaim Samarkand. These experiences shaped his resilience and strategic thinking. Conquest of Kabul and India: Babur conquered Kabul in 1504, establishing a base for his future ambitions. He launched a campaign into India, culminating in the decisive victory at the First Battle of Panipat in 1526. This victory led to the establishment of the Mughal Empire in India. Babur also defeated Rana Sanga of Mewar at the Battle of Khanwa in 1527, further consolidating his power. Legacy: Babur is remembered for his military prowess, administrative skills, and literary contributions. He wrote his memoirs, the "Baburnama," which offer valuable insights into his life, times, and the history of the region. The Mughal Empire, founded by Babur, flourished for centuries, leaving a lasting impact on Indian history and culture. He was also known for his appreciation of art, nature, and for establishing beautiful gardens.