Thomas Alva Edison (1847-1931) was an American inventor and businessman who is renowned for his groundbreaking inventions in various fields, including electric power generation, mass communication, sound recording, and motion pictures. He is credited with over 1,000 patents and established the first industrial research laboratory. Early Life and Education: Born on February 11, 1847, in Milan, Ohio, Edison's formal education was limited, with only a few months of schooling. His mother, a former teacher, homeschooled him, fostering his curiosity and love for learning. Edison's thirst for knowledge led him to voraciously read scientific and technical books, supplementing his formal education. Career and Inventions: Edison began working at a young age, starting as a newsboy on a train. He later became a telegraph operator, which sparked his interest in inventing. He established his first workshop in Newark, New Jersey, in 1869, after his improved stock ticker gained commercial success. In 1876, he moved to Menlo Park, New Jersey, where he created the phonograph, the first machine capable of recording and playing back sound. He is also renowned for developing the first practical incandescent light bulb and the first integrated system to power it. Edison's inventions also include the motion picture camera, and he made significant contributions to the development of the telegraph and telephone. He established the Menlo Park laboratory, which was a model for industrial research and development, and later expanded to West Orange. Legacy: Edison's inventions have had a profound impact on modern life, transforming industries and shaping everyday experiences. He is considered one of the most prolific inventors in American history, holding over 1,000 patents. His contributions to the field of electricity and communication continue to be celebrated today.